Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms

This is a review of mainly about ESBL infections in hospitals. Community-acquired ESBL-associated infections typically affect patients with various complicating factors. A relevant case :control study identified various risk factors for community-acquired infection by ESBL-producing E. coli, including increased age, female sex, diabetes mellitus, recurrent urinary tract infection, previous instrumentation of the urinary tract, follow-up in outpatient clinic, and previous receipt of aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, or fluoroquinolones. Such findings raise the question whether community- onset ESBL-associated infections are mainly healthcare-associated. However, reports of truly community-acquired infections are increasing, while clusters of cases in the community, particularly among members of the same family, may be observed. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Dec;73(4):345-54. Epub 2009 Jul 10.