Increasing concern exists that antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms can be acquired in the community or that they can be introduced into the community from healthcare facilities. Antimicrobial resistance may also evolve or be acquired in the community and be introduced into a healthcare facility from the community, where the infection can spread widely. The suggestions presented in this review provide a basic approach that can be applied to prevent the transmission of current antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and those that may arise in the future. CMAJ. Abridged article published May 26, 2009. DOI:10.1503/cmaj.071898.